Read reviews about our services. Despite the stadium accommodating more than 40,000 people during the height of the Games popularity in the second century AD, it always remained a deeply rural setting. Labraunda is the home of the Sanctuary of Zeus Labraundos and is located in the mountains overlooking the plain of Milas. Protections by other conservation instruments, Archaeological Site of Olympia (Greece) The first human settlements date back to prehistoric times when the valley was occupied from 4000 to 1100 BC. The fearsome deity marked his ascension by hurling a thunderbolt into the sacred grove from his home atop Mount Olympus. The reasons behind this scarcity are at one level clearly . The Temple of Zeus at Olympia was an ancient Greek temple in Olympia, Greece, dedicated to the god Zeus. "[5], From the edge of the roof projected 102 waterspouts or gargoyles in the shape of lion heads, of which 39 are extant. His main shrines in the region were the sanctuary at Olympia in Elis--site of the Olympic Games--and the ancient . Our Partners En plus des temples, on y trouve des vestiges de toutes les installations sportives destines la clbration des jeux Olympiques qui s'y tinrent tous les quatre ans partir de 776 av. OLYMPIA Temple of Zeus at Olympia The massive temple of Zeus, the most important building in the Altis, standing in its very centre, is the largest temple in the Peloponnese, considered by many to be the perfect example of Doric architecture. The World Heritage Centre is at the forefront of the international communitys efforts to protect and preserve. We use cookies to offer you a better browsing experience and to analyze site traffic. Its name comes from the sanctuary dedicated to the Olympian Zeus. Mudslides and silt from the Cladeus River eventually covered much of the area, helping to preserve the site. The festival and the games were held in Olympia, an ancient rural sanctuary site in the western Peloponnesos dedicated to the worship of Zeus. It was probably constructed at around 470 B.C when the ancient Olympic Games were at their peak. . View of Zeus temple. In addition to temples, there are the remains of all the sports structures erected for the Olympic Games, which were held in Olympia every four years beginning in 776 B.C. Eventually the site was covered by alluvial deposits of up to 8 meters deep. All Rights Reserved. The sanctuary was under the protection of the city of Elis. The Altis, the sacred enclosure and core of the sanctuary, with its temples . The sanctuary of Zeus at Olympia For more than a thousand years, the sanctuary of Zeus at Olympia was at the center of. This is one of the most important sanctuaries of antiquity, dedicated to the father of the gods Olympian Zeus. The Temple of Zeus The Statue of Zeus at Olympia is one of the classical Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. There is also another version, told by Plutarch, in which Phidias first visits Olympia to make the statue of Zeus and then goes to Athens, where he dies in prison. More Contacts Site Map Become a member Donate Now! In fact, there is an interesting story behind the construction of this temple. Other masterpieces have survived: large votive archaic bronzes, pedimental sculptures and metopes from the temple of Zeus, and the famous complex of Hermes by Praxiteles. "At its heart the Ancient Olympic Games was a religious festival held in a religious sanctuary," Paul Christesen, professor of Ancient Greek History at Dartmouth College, USA, explained. The Temple of Zeus at Labraunda in Caria (modern-day Turkey), built in the 4th century BCE with the Andron A (banqueting hall) in the background. It was the very model of the Classical Greek temple of the Doric order. Historians are not completely sure . In Greek mythology, Mt. [8] Pausanias reports in his Description of Greece (5.10.8) that the Eastern pedimental sculpture was created by Paeonius and the Western sculpture was carved by Alcamenes. 279. Description. [citation needed], The installation of the colossal statue coincided with substantial modification of the cella. In AD 426, Theodosius II ordered the destruction of the sanctuary during the persecution of pagans in the late Roman Empire. The ancient Olympic Games were a sporting event held every four years at the sanctuary site of Olympia, in honor of Zeus. UNESCO, Prefecture of Ilia, Region of West Greece in the Western Peloponnese. The restoration works on the sanctuarys monuments have been conducted in accordance with the ethics of science and techniques, while in 2008 the restriction of vehicles circulation on the road passing through the foothills of Kronion Hill succeeded in protecting the monuments in its vicinity from vibration, noise and pollutants. of 7. Early Classical c. 480-450 BCE ARCHITECTURE and ARCHITECTURAL SCULPTURE OLYMPIA The Sanctuary of Zeus at Olympia contained within its enclosure (called the Altis) the Temple of Hera (wife of Zeus), plus other temples, as well as treasuries and a gymnasium. A Christian settlement survived for a time at the site of the ruins of the great Pan-Hellenic sanctuary: discovery of the workshop of Pheidias under the remains of a Byzantine church is an outstanding indication of continuous human settlement, which was interrupted only in the 7th century AD, as a result of natural disasters.Criterion (iv): Olympia is an outstanding example of a great Pan-Hellenic sanctuary of antiquity, with its multiple functions: religious, political and social. The Temple of Zeus at Olympia The Temple of Zeus was built between 466 and 456 BC, to the design of the Elean architect Libon, in the same classical style of Doric austerity as the Parthenon of Athens. The temple, built in the second quarter of the fifth century BC, was the very model of the fully developed classical Greek temple of the Doric order. Furthermore, the Ephorate supervises all the necessary conservation works on the site. This is where every four years the Olympics took place. The Statue of Zeus at Olympia was a giant seated figure, about 13 m (43 ft) tall, made by the Greek sculptor Phidias around 435 BC at the sanctuary of Olympia, Greece, and erected in the Temple of Zeus there. The Chryselephantine (gold and ivory) statue was approximately 13m (43ft) high, and was made by the sculptor Phidias in his workshop on the site at Olympia. ASJC Scopus subject areas Classics Archaeology History Ancient Olympia Olympia Archaeological Site Olympia () is one of the most influential ancient Greek sanctuaries, located in western Peloponnese, in Elis. International Olympic Committee. The archaeological site of Olympia includes the sanctuary of Zeus and the various buildings erected around it, such as athletic premises used for the preparation and celebration of . Because the main structure was of a local limestone that was unattractive and of poor quality, it was coated with a thin layer of stucco to give the appearance of marble so as to match the sculptural decoration. The internal columns and their stylobates were dismantled and repositioned, which likely necessitated retiling the roof. The ancient Olympic Games were a one-day event until 684 BCE when they were extended to three days. Olympia also the site of the Olympic Games, initiated in 776 BCE in honour of Zeus. The great German excavations of 187581 (led by Ernst Curtius) cleared the whole of the sacred precinct and some buildings that lay outside it, and the position of the stadium was located by exploratory trenches. Deze werden in Olympia om de vier jaar gehouden, de eerste in 776 voor Christus. [9] The metopes from the temple depict the twelve labours of Heracles. - . As Christesen went on to say, it was not just a matter of playing sports. De Altis het heiligdom voor de goden heeft een van de grootste concentraties van meesterwerken uit de oude Griekse wereld. [10], Archaeologists have long postulated that the already ruined Temple was destroyed by the earthquakes of AD 522 and 551, known to have caused widespread damage in the Peloponnese, although a 2014 paper hypothesizes that the columns may have been "intentionally pulled down by ropes during the early Byzantine period". Since 2007, during an annual open event, the competent Ephorate presents its work and activities at the area of the Regional unit of Eleia. persecution of pagans in the late Roman Empire, (Hellenic Ministry of Culture: The sanctuary site at Olympia, including the Temple of Zeus, "the temple of Hohepa, the Prytaneion, the Bouleuterion, the treasuries and the first stadium. The property is protected under the provisions of Law No 3028/2002 on the Protection of Antiquities and Cultural Heritage in general. Olympos was the home of the greatest of the Greek gods and goddesses. Browse 373 zeus olympia stock photos and images available, or start a new search to explore more stock photos and images. The first excavations were conducted around the Temple of Zeus in 1829 by the French Expdition Scientifique de More, led by Abel Blouet. It was probably constructed at around 470 B.C when the ancient Olympic Games were at their peak. And central to this concept was the site itself. The central locus of Zeus worship was known as the Altis, which was described by UNESCO as a "sanctuary to the gods." "Olympia: The Story of the Ancient Olympic Games" explains how this district was held so sacred that the ancient Greeks consecrated a significant number of temples there. It was a big empty space that wasnt being used most of the time, so except in the run-up to the Games, when they got it all cleaned up, it was just a wheat field.. The values of fair competition and Sacred Truce, which were established during the ancient Olympic Games, are diachronic and always pertinent. The building sat on a crepidoma (platform) of three unequal steps, the exterior columns were positioned in a sixbythirteen arrangement, two rows of seven columns divided the cella (inner chamber) into three aisles. It was designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1989. The Olympics were named after Mount Olympus, but they were actually held in the rural sanctuary of Olympia, in Greece's western Peloponnese region.. The sanctuary of Olympia is one of the most important sanctuaries in the Greek world. A sculpture of ivory plates and gold panels over a wooden framework, it represented the god Zeus sitting on an elaborate cedar wood throne ornamented with ebony, ivory, gold and precious . The temple has thirteen columns on both sides and six columns each at two ends. The remains of Olympia. Le sanctuaire de l'Altis partie consacre aux dieux abritait l'une des plus fortes concentrations de chefs-d'uvre du monde antique. In the sacred Altis, Zeus sacred forest, the same tree and plant species are found, as in antiquity. Here, too, prominence was given to the ideals of physical and mental harmony, of noble contest, of how to compete well, of the Sacred Truce; values, which remain unchanged in perpetuity. ANTIQUITY - A Quarterly Review of Archaeology. Following its move to Constantinople, the statue of Zeus at Olympia was lost in later Roman times, but it enthralled the world of the ancient era . Dedicated to Zeus, it was the venue for the Olympic Games held in the context of the Olympics, the most important celebration of the Greeks during most of antiquity. The first traces of its plan date back to the VIII th century BC. The Temple of Zeus was built in the mid-5th century BC. Other structures were explored in this period, the most important of which was the atelier (workshop) of the master sculptor Phidias, who was the creator of the Statue of Zeus. [citation needed], The Eastern pediment depicts the chariot race between Pelops and Oenomaus, while the Western pediment features a Centauromachy with Theseus and the Lapiths. De naam Olympia verwees naar de heilige berg van Olympus, de verblijfplaats van de god Zeus. source: UNESCO/ERI The architect was named Libon and he made the entire design of the temple following the Doric style. While the Eleans maintained a permanent presence at Olympia, conducting monthly sacrifices, the site turned, for one week per year, from an essentially peaceful idyll into the mad, riotous centre of Greece. The Statue of Zeus at Olympia was a gigantic chryselephantine sculpture of Zeus, ruler of the gods in Ancient Greece. The Temple of Zeus at Olympia was home to one of most prominent sculptural accomplishments of antiquated history. The sanctuary of Olympia. The site contained a number of . Olympia is the birth-place of the Olympic Games and the place where they were held. In the archaeological site, many interventions have taken place, such as the new ticket office, the ramps for disabled people and the replacement of the old informative signs. Olympia remained forgotten under a layer of debris 5-7 metres deep. [15], Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}373816N 213748E / 37.63778N 21.63000E / 37.63778; 21.63000. Overlooked by the hill of Kronos- Zeus's father. The sanctuary of Olympia lies in the alluvial valley formed by the confluence of the rivers Kladeos and Adelpheos, bounded to the north by the wooded hill of Kronos. At first this happened outdoors but during the Hellenistic period (323BC-31BC) the palestra and the gymnasium were built. The so-called Baths of the River Kladeos were built around 100 AD at the west end of the sanctuary, close to their namesake river and the site where the swimming pool of the Greek baths had once been. the great temple of Zeus was built and housed the giant chryselephantine statue of Zeus (one of the 7 wonders of the ancient world). The Archaeological Museum at Olympia opened in its present location in 1982. It took almost thirteen years to complete the temple till 457 B.C. This article will present and discuss a significant absence of miniature pottery in one of the best-known sanctuaries in Greece, the Sanctuary of Zeus at Olympia during the Archaic period. [citation needed], The Roman general Mummius dedicated twenty-one gilded shields after he sacked Corinth in 146 BC; they were fixed at the metopes of the eastern front side and the eastern half of the south side. The Olympiad the four-year period between two successive celebrations falling every fifth year- became a chronological measurement and system of dating used in the Greek world. Do not hesitate to ask the community! WebGL must be enable, World Heritage Canopy: Heritage Solutions for Sustainable Futures, Recommendation on the Historic Urban Landscape, Central Africa World Heritage Forest Initiative (CAWHFI), Reducing Disasters Risks at World Heritage Properties, World Heritage and Sustainable Development, World Heritage Programme for Small Island Developing States (SIDS), Initiative on Heritage of Religious Interest, UNESCO World Heritage Centre statement regarding the fires in Greece, UNESCO launches new travel platform World Heritage Journeys to promote sustainable tourism in the EU, Message from the Director of the World Heritage Centre on International Day for Monuments and Sites, From Olympia's Workshop on World Heritage and Disasters: Joint Communiqu of the UNESCO World Heritage Centre and the Hellenic Ministry of Culture, Bikeabout To Launch Circum-Mediterranean Tour Of World Heritage Sites, Protection of human rights (Procedure 104). The Sanctuary of Olympia Olympia, located near the town of Elis, was not a city and it had no population, that is, except for the priests that took care of the temple. [4] It was approached by a ramp on the east side. It was the most important sanctuary in Caria, especially in the 4th century BCE when King Mausolus, the satrap of Caria, made . The Altis, an enclosure with a sacred grove, open-air altars and the tumulus of Pelops, was first formed during the tenth and ninth centuries BC,[2] Greece's "Dark Age", when the followers of Zeus had joined with the followers of Hera.[3]. The sacred olive tree of Zeus, from which the victory wreaths were cut, marked the finishing line for all races. The entire monument was made of limestone and is covered with stucco. Pausanias visited the site in the second century AD and states that the temple's height up to the pediment was 68 feet (20.7m), its breadth was 95 feet (29.0m), and its length 230 feet (70.1m). Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). The god Apollo is featured on the western pediment pointing towards the human side in the Centauromachy, indicating his favor, and towards the northern side of the temple. For more than a thousand years, the sanctuary of Zeus at Olympia was at the center of Greek life and civilization. And central to this concept was the site itself. The fourth incarnation of the stadium came in the first century as, fuelled by the return of chariot racing to the programme in AD17, the popularity of the Games soared. 8.1-8.3).1 its size, c .13.5 m high, and material, ivory and gold, guaranteed its fame, and The Statue of Zeus at Olympia's location was . https://www.britannica.com/place/Olympia-ancient-site-Greece, UNESCO World Heritage Convention - Archaeological Site of Olympia, LiveScience - Olympia: Site of Ancient Olympics, Ancient History Encyclopedia - Olympia, Greece, Olympia - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Olympia - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). De stad Olympia ligt in een vallei in de Peloponnesos. No. had a gymnasium, palaestra, leonidaion, stoa etc. However, the significance of the Olympic Games, where athletes benefitting from a three-month Sacred Truce came together from all the Greek cities of the Mediterranean world to compete, demonstrates above all the lofty ideals of Hellenic humanism: peaceful and loyal competition between free and equal men, who are prepared to surpass their physical strength in a supreme effort, with their only ambition being the symbolic reward of an olive wreath. The principal threats to the site are fire and flooding. The Sanctuary of Olympia The sanctuary lies in the alluvial valley formed by the confluence of the rivers, Kladeos and Alpheos; to the north is the wooded Hill of Kronos. The statue's completion took approximately 13 years (470457 BC) and was one of Classical Greece's most revered artistic works. Do you like While the monumental Temple was built in the late to mid-5th Century BCE (BC), the Altis (an enclosed religious precinct with its own sacred grove of trees) had been established as much as five centuries earlier. To the south is one of the most important buildings at Olympia, the Bouleuterion , the Council building. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. The sanctuary of Olympia, in the North West of the Peloponnese, in the Regional Unit of Eleia (Elis), has been established in the valley created by the confluence of the Alpheios and Kladeos rivers in a natural setting of beauty and serenity. Where to stay? Seeing the opportunity, the Elians asked Phidias to create a statue of Zeus like no other, and so he did. The statue was built for the Temple of Zeus, and it stood 40 feet high. Olympia Temple of Zeus: The ruined Temple of Zeus that stands today in the archaeological site of Olympia was built to honor the chief of the gods. Our services are rated The Altis the sanctuary to the gods has one of the highest concentrations of masterpieces from the ancient Greek world. The sanctuary of Zeus is located in the northwest part of the Peloponnese. In May 1829, the French team of archaeologists of the "Scientific Expedition of Morea" (under the direction of Lon-Jean-Joseph Dubois and Abel Blouet) identified with certainty and partially excavated the Temple of Zeus for the first time,[12][13] taking several fragments of the metopes to the Muse du Louvre (with the authorization of the Governor of Greece, Ioannis Kapodistrias). J.-C. . The city state of Elis, the administrative centre of which was about a days walk north from Olympia, ran the Games throughout the vast majority of its life cycle, with the Eleans seizing full control from their local rivals the Pisatans in 572BC. It went under renovation many times. From the first edition in 776BC until 550BC, the Games took place among the sanctuary itself. This article will present and discuss a significant absence o. Where in Greece was Zeus' sanctuary? Do you have a question about Greece and the Greek islands? World Heritage partnerships for conservation. Olympia is located near the western coast of the Peloponnese peninsula of southern Greece, 10 miles (16 km) inland from the Ionian Sea, near a point where the Alpheus (Alfios) and Cladeus (Kladios) rivers meet. Donate. The first Olympics were held from 776 BCE at the first full moon after the summer solstice. It was made with ivory, gold and decorated with various precious stones. Zeus, King of the Greek Gods, was said to have taken up residence in Olympia around 1200BC when the Eleans conquered the surrounding area. A rectangular building, the temple was oriented east-west, and set on a platform of three unequal steps. The area was dubbed Antilalos and it is not until 1766 that the ancient sanctuary was re-discovered. The property has a sufficient buffer zone and sufficiently effective protection arrangements that prevent any potential threats by the future development of the small settlement of modern Olympia. Olympic games Anyone who wanted to get a big audience from all over the Greek world showed up in Olympia. Web Browser not supported for ESRI ArcGIS API version 4.10. The Sanctuary of Zeus Hypsistos at Dion in Macedonia ( Greece) was a sanctuary with a single-roomed temple cella surrounded by a colonnade. At the center point of the old Archaeological site was the Sanctuary of Zeus. "" - . As well as competition, training took place at Olympia. famous for olympic games but also housed a stadium and hippodrome for games, 11 treasuries including geometric archaic gela treasury. Three different stories were sculpted on the east pediment, the west pediment, and the metopes. Flooding of the Kladeos river (Foundoulis et al., 2008), or by tsunami (Vott et al., 2011), led to abandonment of the area in the 6th century. It was built to house the gold and ivory statue of Zeus The first major excavation of Olympia began in 1875, funded by the German government after negotiation of exclusive access by Ernst Curtius. Take advantage of the search to browse through the World Heritage Centre information. It was built by the Eleans from the spoils of the Triphylian war and dedicated to Zeus. The Statue of Zeus at Olympia was a giant seated figure, about 12.4 m (41 ft) tall, made by the Greek sculptor Phidias around 435 BC at the sanctuary of Olympia, Greece, and erected in the Temple of Zeus there. . It was a hugely sacred area, featuring picturesque olive tree plantations and a giant statue of the god Zeus. Its exact origins as a Panhellenic sanctuary are, however, like those of Olympia, lost in the mists of the Greek Dark Age (eleventh to ninth centuries BCE), but one distinctive factor that may account in part for Delphi's spectacular emergence in the eighth century was its cardinal enabling role in the process of overseas colonization. The sacred precinct, known as the Altis, or Sacred Grove of Zeus, was an irregular quadrangle more than 600 feet (183 metres) on a side, bounded on the north by the hill of Cronus and enclosed by a wall on the other three sides. The sanctuary was named in antiquity after Mt. All around the divine precinct are the structures used by the priests (Theokoleon) and the administration (Bouleuterion), as well as common buildings (Prytaneion), accommodation (Leonidaion and Roman hostel), residences for distinguished guests (Neros House), and all the sports structures used for the preparation and celebration of the Olympic Games: the stadium and the hippodrome to the east, and the thermal baths, the Palaestra and the Gymnasium to the south and west.Criterion (vi): Olympia is directly and tangibly associated with an event of universal significance. The sanctuary . People put up big fancy artworks and dedications, so it became a famous site to go see Greek art, Christesen said. Updates? Olympia can be identified as a non-urban sanctuary, and consequently, as a Panhellenic sanctuary. This gesture on the part of the Spartans was to celebrate their victory over Athens in the battle of Tanagra. The area has been inhabited uninterruptedly since the 3rd millennium BC and in the late Mycenaean period it became a . 113 MARCH 1955. , , , 776 . .. ", THE COLLAPSE OF THE ANCIENT TEMPLE OF ZEUS AT OLYMPIA, Collection of images of the building layout and sculptures of the temple of Zeus, Ground floor planof the temple by Drpfeld, (Berlin, 1892) from the library of Universitt Heidelberg, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Temple_of_Zeus,_Olympia&oldid=1084628112, This page was last edited on 25 April 2022, at 16:48. In the western Peloponnese, just 38 km (24 miles) from the port of Katakolon, in the "Valley of Gods", lies the most celebrated sanctuary of ancient Greece, Olympia. [11], The site of the ancient sanctuary of Olympia, long forgotten under landslips and flood siltation, was identified in 1766 by the English antiquarian Richard Chandler. Although altars composed of ash became fairly common in the Early Iron Age, we propose that the Sanctuary of Zeus at Olympia and its impressive ash altar may have been inspired by key aspects of the much older cult place at Mt. Top Greek islands & Mainland Destinations, Popular Greek islands & mainland destinations. Theodosius II had the temples destroyed in 426; earthquakes further damaged the ruins in 522 and 551. The Statue of Zeus at Olympia is one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Situado en un valle del Peloponeso, el sitio de Olimpia fue habitado desde los tiempos prehistricos y, a partir del siglo X a.C., se convirti en un centro del culto rendido a Zeus. Olympia can be identified as a non-urban sanctuary, and consequently, [] Olympia lay on the north-western corner of the Peloponnese (currently in the Western Greece Region). 1 - The ancient Olympic stadium. X . .. Zeus is the sky and thunder god in ancient Greek religion, who rules as king of the gods of Mount Olympus. 2021 International Olympic Committee. Throughout these reincarnations the length of the track in the stadium remained constant. Publications World Heritage Review Series Resource Manuals World Heritage wall map More publications Funding World Heritage Fund International Assistance. It was designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1989. Settlements and necropolises from the Bronze Age have been unearthed along the banks of the Alpheios river. The centerpiece of the sanctuary at Olympia is the colossal Temple of Zeus, a perfect model of the classic Doric order Greek temple. The festival of Zeus, of which the Olympic Games were a part, was held there every four years from 776 bce until the end of the 4th century ce, when the Roman emperor Theodosius I abolished pagan festivals. Olympia is a sanctuary beside the river Alpheus, in the territory of However, the site lost none of its religious potency during the vast majority of the 1000-plus years of the Ancient Games, its diversity being key to its survival. The magistrates of the year sacrificed a black ram at the precinct of Pelops [13]. Not since Mallwitz' 1972 Olympia und seine Bauten, however, has a survey of the archaeological progress at Olympia been available to the general public. Through immediate and coordinated efforts, in a short period of time, the natural environment has been restored, without significant alteration of its original form, while the ancient monuments inside the sanctuary were not affected and they are still preserved in very good condition. Where in Greece was Zeus' sanctuary? This 13-meters tall statue was made by Phidias, the most talented sculptor of ancient Greece, in his workshop in Olympia. Upload your best photos of Greece and interact with other Greeka members! A chryselephantine sculpture of ivory plates and gold panels on a wooden framework, it represented the god Zeus on a cedarwood throne . The original floor, paved with large blocks of shell stone, was covered with water-resistant lime, which may have helped protect the statue's ivory against humidity. Interrupted in 1942 by the events of World War II, work was resumed in 1952, and in 1960 the excavation of the stadium was completed, with its restoration in 1961. Meters deep the gigantic chryselephantine ( ivory and gold panels on a wooden frame ) statue of search. Rules as king of the temple and the statue once made from ebony and precious stones addition! For Games, initiated in 776 voor Christus numerous rooms serving multiple purposes, including small-scale exploratory was! 2021 International Olympic Committee to browse through the World Heritage Fund International Assistance to browse through the Heritage. 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